Ni bangahe sensor yegeranye igura?

Sensor Yegereyes ni ikintu cyingenzi mu nganda zinyuranye, uhereye ku binyabiziga no mu kirere kugeza ku nganda zikoresha inganda na robo. Bafite uruhare runini mugutahura ibintu cyangwa kutabaho, gupima intera, no gukora neza imikorere myinshi. Mugihe ibyifuzo byibi byuma bikomeza kwiyongera, gusobanukirwa nigiciro cyabyo nibyingenzi mubucuruzi ndetse nabantu ku giti cyabo.

 

Igiciro cya sensor yegeranye irashobora gutandukana cyane bitewe nibintu byinshi nkubwoko bwa sensor, intera yayo, ubunyangamugayo, ubwoko bwibisohoka, nibirango. Ugereranije, sensor yibanze yegeranye irashobora kugura ahantu hose kuva $ 5 kugeza $ 50. Nyamara, moderi nyinshi zateye imbere hamwe nibindi byongeweho kandi bisobanutse neza birashobora kuva kumadorari 100 kugeza $ 1.000 cyangwa birenze.

 

Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho byegeranye biboneka ku isoko, buri kimwe gifite ikiguzi cyacyo. Kurugero, Indorerezi Yegeranye, zikoreshwa cyane mugushakisha ibintu byuma, birahendutse kandi birashobora kugura amadorari 10 kugeza 30 $. Ku rundi ruhande, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gutahura ibintu bitari ibyuma ndetse n’amazi, kandi igiciro cyacyo gishobora kuva ku madorari 15 kugeza kuri $ 50. Ibyuma bya Ultrasonic, bifashisha amajwi kugirango bipime intera, bihenze kandi birashobora kugura amadorari 30 na 200. Ibyuma bifata amajwi, harimo ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi na laser, biri mubintu bihenze cyane, hamwe nibiciro biri hagati ya $ 50 kugeza $ 1.000 cyangwa arenga.

 

Ingano nukuri kwicyerekezo cyegeranye nabyo bigira ingaruka kubiciro byacyo. Sensors ifite intera ndende yo kumenya no kumenya neza ikunda kuba ihenze. Kurugero, sensor ifite intera ya santimetero nkeya bizaba bihenze ugereranije nimwe ifite intera ya metero nyinshi. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bisobanutse neza kandi byuzuye, bikwiranye na porogaramu zisaba ibipimo nyabyo, bizaza ku giciro cyo hejuru.

 

Ikindi kintu kigira ingaruka kubiciro ni ibisohoka ubwoko bwa sensor. Ibyuma byegeranye birashobora kugira ubwoko butandukanye busohoka nka analog, digital, cyangwa switch ibisubizo. Ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya digitale, bitanga ibisohoka bibiri, mubisanzwe bihenze ugereranije na sensor sensor itanga ibimenyetso bihoraho bisohoka. Hindura ibisohoka ibyuma byerekana, byerekana gusa ko hari ikintu cyangwa kidahari, mubisanzwe birashoboka cyane.

 

Ikiranga nubwiza bwa sensor yegeranye nayo igira uruhare runini muguhitamo igiciro cyayo. Ibirango bizwi cyane bizwiho kwizerwa nubuziranenge birashobora kwishyuza ibicuruzwa byabo. Ariko, gushora mubirango bizwi birashobora gutanga inyungu z'igihe kirekire nko gukora neza, kuramba, hamwe n'inkunga nyuma yo kugurisha.

 

Iyo usuzumye ikiguzi cya sensor yegeranye, ni ngombwa kuzirikana igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite, kitarimo igiciro cyambere cyo kugura ahubwo kirimo nibintu nko kwishyiriraho, kubungabunga, hamwe nigihe gishobora gutaha. Mugihe sensor ihendutse ishobora gusa nkaho ari amahitamo ashimishije, ntishobora gutanga urwego rumwe rwimikorere, kwiringirwa, no kuramba nkigihe gihenze, biganisha kumafaranga menshi mugihe kirekire.

 

Mu gusoza, ikiguzi cya sensor yegeranye irashobora gutandukana cyane ukurikije ibintu nkubwoko, urwego, ubunyangamugayo, ubwoko bwibisohoka, nibirango. Ni ngombwa ko ubucuruzi n'abantu ku giti cyabo basuzuma neza ibyo basabwa na bije mbere yo gufata icyemezo cyo kugura. Mugusobanukirwa ikiguzi hamwe no gusuzuma igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite, barashobora guhitamo neza bihuye nibyifuzo byabo kandi bitanga agaciro kumafaranga.

 

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Ihindagurika ryimiterere yimikorere ya Sensor: Ubuyobozi Bwuzuye Kubiciro na Porogaramu

 

Muri iki gihe cyihuta cyane mu ikoranabuhanga, ibyuma byegeranye byahindutse igikoresho cyingirakamaro mu nganda zitabarika. Kuva mu kurinda umutekano w’ibinyabiziga byigenga kugeza ku murongo wo gutunganya umusaruro mu nganda zikora, ibyo byuma bifata umwanya wa mbere mu guhanga udushya. Mugihe icyifuzo cyo gukemura ibibazo byateye imbere kigenda cyiyongera, gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwikiguzi cya sensor yegeranye hamwe nibisabwa ni ngombwa kubucuruzi bashaka gukomeza imbere yumurongo.

 

Gusobanukirwa Ibyiyumvo byegeranye

 

Ibyuma byegeranye ni ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bishobora kumenya ko hari ibintu byegeranye ntaho bihurira. Bakora ku mahame atandukanye, harimo kwinjiza amashanyarazi, ubushobozi, imiraba ya ultrasonic, hamwe no kumenya neza. Ubwinshi bwibi byuma bifata ibyuma bibafasha gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu, kuva ibintu byoroshye gutahura kugeza kubipimo bigera kure hamwe na sisitemu yo kwirinda kugongana.

 

Ubwoko bwa Sensorike Yegereye

 

1. Inductive Proximity Sensors: Izi sensor zikoreshwa cyane cyane mugushakisha ibintu byuma. Bakora kubyara amashanyarazi yumuriro no kumva impinduka mumurima mugihe ikintu kiyobora cyegereje. Ibyuma bifata amajwi birakomeye, byizewe, kandi birahendutse, bigatuma bahitamo gukundwa mubikorwa byinganda nko gukora ibyuma, gupakira, hamwe nimirongo ikora amamodoka. Igiciro cya sensor ya inductive mubusanzwe kiri hagati y $ 10 kugeza 30 $, bitewe nurwego rwo kwiyumvamo nubwoko busohoka.

2. Umuyoboro wa Capacitive Proximity Sensors: Ibyuma bifata ibyuma birashobora kumenya ibintu byuma cyangwa bitari ibyuma, harimo plastiki, amazi, nifu. Bakora mugupima impinduka mubushobozi iyo ikintu kije hafi yubuso. Ibyo byuma byifashishwa ni byiza kubisabwa bisaba kutamenyekanisha ibikoresho bitayobora, nko kumva urwego mu bigega bya shimi cyangwa kumenya ahari ibikoresho bya pulasitike mu mashini zipakira. Igiciro cya sensor capacitif muri rusange kigabanuka hagati y $ 15 na $ 50.

3. Ultrasonic Yegereye Sensors: Gukoresha amajwi yumurongo kugirango umenye ibintu, sensor ya ultrasonic irashobora gupima intera nukuri neza. Basohora imiraba ya ultrasonic kandi bakabara intera ukurikije igihe bifata kugirango imiraba isubire inyuma nyuma yo gukubita ikintu. Izi sensor zifite akamaro kanini mubisabwa aho hakenewe ibipimo nyabyo byerekana intera, nko guhagarara kwa robo ya robo, sisitemu yo gufasha parikingi, no kwirinda ibintu mumodoka yigenga. Igiciro cya sensor ya ultrasonic irashobora kuva kumadorari 30 kugeza 200 $, bitewe nurwego rwo kumva no gukemura.

4. Ibyuma bya Optical Proximity Sensors: Ibyuma bifata amajwi bikubiyemo tekinoroji ya tekinoroji na laser. Ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi bifashisha urumuri kugirango bamenye ibintu, mugihe ibyuma bya laser bikoresha urumuri rwa laser kugirango bipime intera nyayo. Izi sensor zitanga ubunyangamugayo buhanitse kandi zirakwiriye mubisabwa bisaba guhagarara neza no gupimwa neza, nk'imashini za CNC, sisitemu yo kuyobora za robo, n'ibikoresho byo gusikana 3D. Igiciro cyibikoresho bya optique birashobora gutandukana cyane, guhera kumadorari 50 kubintu byibanze hanyuma ukazamuka ugera ku $ 1.000 cyangwa arenga kubikoresho bya laser bigezweho kandi bifite ubushobozi buke kandi burebure.

Ibintu bigira ingaruka hafi ya Sensor Ibiciro

 

Ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare mubiciro bitandukanye bya sensororo yegeranye. Gusobanukirwa nibi bintu birashobora gufasha ubucuruzi gufata ibyemezo byuzuye muguhitamo sensor ikwiye kubyo bakeneye byihariye.

 

Urwego rwo Kumva

 

Urwego rwo kwiyumvamo icyerekezo cyegeranye bivuga intera ntarengwa ishobora kumenya ikintu. Sensors ifite intera ndende mubisanzwe isaba tekinoroji nubuhanga buhanitse, bivamo ibiciro byinshi. Kurugero, icyuma kigufi cya inductive sensor ikwiranye no kumenya ibice bito byicyuma kumukandara wa convoyeur birashobora kugura amadorari 15, mugihe sensor ndende ya ultrasonic sensor ishobora gupima intera igera kuri metero nyinshi kubikorwa byo gukoresha ububiko bishobora kugura amadolari arenga $ 150.

 

Ukuri nukuri

 

Ukuri nukuri kwicyerekezo cyegeranye ni ibipimo byingenzi, cyane cyane mubisabwa bisaba urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwizerwa no gupimwa neza. Sensors ifite ubunyangamugayo buhanitse kandi busobanutse akenshi ikubiyemo tekinoroji igezweho hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora, bishobora kongera igiciro cyabyo. Kurugero, icyuma gifata ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi bifite ubunyangamugayo buke bishobora kugurwa $ 20, mugihe sensor yo hejuru ya laser sensor ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwubuhanga bushobora kugura amadorari magana.

 

Ubwoko Ibisohoka

 

Ibyuma byegeranye birashobora kugira ubwoko butandukanye busohoka, harimo analog, digitale, hamwe nibisohoka. Analog sensor itanga ibimenyetso bisohoka byerekana ibimenyetso ugereranije nintera yikintu, bigatuma bikenerwa mubisabwa bisaba gupima neza intera. Ibyuma bifata ibyuma bitanga ibyuma bibiri, byerekana ko hari ikintu cyangwa kidahari, kandi muri rusange bihenze ugereranije na sensor sensor. Hindura ibyasohotse byifashishwa, bikurura gusa ibyasohotse mugihe ikintu kibonetse, akenshi nuburyo buhendutse cyane kubikorwa byibanze byo gutahura ibintu.

 

Kurwanya Ibidukikije

 

Ubushobozi bwa sensor yegeranye kugirango ihangane n’ibihe bibi by’ibidukikije, nk’ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushuhe, n’imiti y’imiti, nabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku giciro cyacyo. Sensor yagenewe gukoreshwa mubidukikije bigoye bisaba ubundi buryo bwo kurinda nibikoresho, bishobora kongera igiciro cyabyo. Kurugero, sensor ya inductive isanzwe kugirango ikoreshwe mu nganda zagenzuwe zishobora kugura amadolari 25, mugihe verisiyo ihindagurika ikwiranye no hanze yo hanze ifite ivumbi ryinshi nubushuhe bishobora kugura amadorari 50 cyangwa arenga.

 

Ikiranga n'ubuziranenge

 

Ikiranga nubwiza bwa sensor yegeranye bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo igiciro cyacyo. Ibirango byashizweho bizwiho kwizerwa, gukora, no guhanga udushya akenshi bisaba igihembo kubicuruzwa byabo. Nyamara, gushora imari mubirango bizwi birashobora gutanga inyungu z'igihe kirekire, nko kugabanya amasaha make, amafaranga yo kubungabunga make, no kubona ubufasha bwuzuye bwa tekiniki. Kurundi ruhande, guhitamo ikirango kizwi cyane cyangwa ikindi giciro gito gishobora kuvamo imikorere idahwitse nigihe kirekire, biganisha kumafaranga menshi mugihe kirekire.

 

Porogaramu na Ibiciro

 

Ibyuma byegeranye byifashishwa muburyo bwagutse bwa porogaramu, buri kimwe hamwe nigiciro cyihariye cyo gutekereza. Reka dusuzume bimwe muribi bikorwa nuburyo ikiguzi cyibintu byegeranye byashyizwe mubikorwa.

 

Gukora inganda

 

Mu gutangiza inganda, ibyuma byegeranye ni ngombwa mugutezimbere umusaruro, kunoza imikorere, no kurinda umutekano. Zikoreshwa mubikorwa nko kubara ibintu kumukandara wa convoyeur, kumenya aho intwaro za robo zihagaze, no gukurikirana ahari ibice mumirongo. Igiciro cya sensor muri uru rwego giterwa nuburyo bugoye bwo gusaba hamwe nurwego rwibisobanuro bisabwa. Kurugero, sensor yoroheje ya inductive yo kubara ibice byicyuma irashobora kugura amadolari 15, mugihe sensor-capacitif ya capacitive sensor yo kumenya umwanya wibintu byoroshye muburyo bwo gukora igice cya kabiri gishobora kugura amadorari 75 cyangwa arenga.

 

Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga

 

Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zishingiye cyane kuri sensor hafi yimikorere itandukanye, harimo na parikingi