ʻEhia ke kumu kūʻai o kahi sensor kokoke?

ʻIkepili pilis he mea koʻikoʻi i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, mai ka automotive a me ka aerospace i ka automation ʻoihana a me nā robotics. He hana koʻikoʻi lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i ke alo a i ʻole ka ʻole o nā mea, ke ana ʻana i nā mamao, a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka holo pono o nā noi he nui. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noi no kēia mau sensor, pono ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kā lākou kumukūʻai no nā ʻoihana a me nā poʻe like.

 

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kumu kūʻai o kahi sensor kokoke ma muli o kekahi mau mea e like me ke ʻano o ka sensor, kona laulā, pololei, ʻano huahana, a me ka brand. Ma ka awelika, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kahi sensor pili pili ma nā wahi āpau mai $5 a i $50. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe a me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe mai $100 a i $1,000 a ʻoi aku paha.

 

Loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole o nā sensor kokoke i ka mākeke, kēlā me kēia me kāna mau kumu kūʻai ponoʻī. ʻo kahi laʻana, Nā mea ʻike hoʻokokoke Inductive, i hoʻohana mau ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea metala, he ʻano kūʻai ʻole a hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma kahi o $10 a $30. Hoʻohana ʻia nā sensor capacitive, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, no ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea metala ʻole a me nā wai, a hiki ke kumukūʻai mai $15 a $50. ʻOi aku ka pipiʻi a hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma waena o $30 a me $200. ʻO nā mea ʻike maka, me ka photoelectric a me ka laser sensor, ʻo ia kekahi o nā koho pipiʻi loa, me nā kumukūʻai mai $50 a i $1,000 a ʻoi aku paha.

 

Hoʻopili pū ka laulā a me ka pololei o kahi sensor kokoke i kona kumukūʻai. ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai o nā mea ʻike me ka lōʻihi o ka ʻike a me ka pololei. No ka laʻana, e emi ke kumukūʻai o kahi sensor me ka laulā o kekahi mau kenimika e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mea me ka laulā o kekahi mau mika. Pēlā nō, hiki mai nā mea ʻike me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe a me ka pololei, kūpono no nā noi e koi ana i nā ana kikoʻī, e hele mai i kahi kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.

 

ʻO kekahi kumu e hoʻopili ai i ke kumukūʻai ʻo ia ke ʻano puka o ka sensor. Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano hoʻopuka like ʻole e like me ka analog, digital, a i ʻole nā mea hoʻololi. ʻO nā mea naʻau kikohoʻe, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hoʻopuka binary, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā sensor analog e hāʻawi ana i kahi hōʻailona hoʻomau. Hoʻololi nā mea ʻike puka, e hōʻike wale ana i ka hele ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻole o kahi mea, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau ke koho kūpono loa.

 

ʻO ka hōʻailona a me ka maikaʻi o ka mea ʻike pili pili pū kekahi i ka hana nui i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kona kumukūʻai. ʻO nā makamae kaulana me ka maikaʻi no ka hilinaʻi a me ka maikaʻi hiki ke uku i ka uku no kā lākou huahana. Eia naʻe, hiki i ka hoʻokomo kālā ʻana i kahi brand kaulana ke hāʻawi i nā pōmaikaʻi lōʻihi e like me ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka lōʻihi, a me ke kākoʻo ma hope o ke kūʻai aku.

 

I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o kahi sensor kokoke, he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻona, ʻaʻole wale ke kumukūʻai kūʻai mua wale nō akā nā mea e like me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka mālama ʻana, a me ka manawa hoʻomaha. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka sensor ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i ka pae like o ka hana, hilinaʻi, a me ka lōʻihi e like me ka mea ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi, e alakaʻi ana i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka holo lōʻihi.

 

I ka hopena, hiki ke ʻano like ʻole ke kumukūʻai o kahi sensor kokoke e pili ana i nā kumu e like me ke ʻano, ka laulā, ka pololei, ke ʻano huahana, a me ka brand. He mea nui i nā ʻoihana a me nā poʻe e loiloi pono i kā lākou mau koi kikoʻī a me ka waihona kālā ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻoholo kūʻai. Ma ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hopena o ke kumukūʻai a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ke kuleana, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kahi koho ʻike e kūpono i ko lākou pono a hāʻawi i ka waiwai no ke kālā.

 

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ʻO ka ʻāina e ulu nei o nā mea ʻike kokoke: He alakaʻi piha i nā kumukūʻai a me nā noi

 

I loko o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana wikiwiki i kēia lā, ua lilo nā mea ʻike kokoke i mea pono pono ma waena o nā ʻoihana lehulehu. Mai ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana o nā kaʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā laina hana i nā hale hana, aia kēia mau mea ʻike i ke poʻo o ka hana hou. Ke piʻi nei ka noi no nā ʻōnaehana sensing holomua, ʻike i ka paʻakikī o nā kumukūʻai sensor proximity a he mea koʻikoʻi kā lākou noi no nā ʻoihana e ʻimi nei e noho ma mua o ka pihi.

 

Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mea ʻike kokoke

 

ʻO nā mea ʻike kokoke he mau mea uila e hiki ke ʻike i ka hele ʻana o nā mea kokoke me ka ʻole o ka pili kino. Hoʻohana lākou i nā loina like ʻole, me ka electromagnetic induction, capacitance, ultrasonic waves, a me ka ʻike maka. ʻO ka maʻalahi o kēia mau mea ʻike e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā ʻano noiʻi he nui, mai ka ʻike mea maʻalahi i nā ana mamao paʻakikī a me nā ʻōnaehana pale ʻana.

 

Nā ʻano o nā mea ʻike pili

 

1. Inductive Proximity Sensors: Hoʻohana mua ʻia kēia mau mea ʻike no ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea metala. Hana lākou ma ka hana ʻana i kahi kahua electromagnetic a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā loli i ke kula ke hele mai kahi mea conductive. He paʻa, hilinaʻi, a maʻalahi hoʻi nā mea ʻike inductive, e lilo lākou i koho kaulana no nā noi ʻoihana e like me ka metalworking, packaging, a me nā laina hui automotive. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o nā sensor inductive maʻamau mai $10 a $30, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻike a me ke ʻano puka.

2. Nā Nani Hoʻopaʻa Paʻa: Hiki ke ʻike i nā mea metala a me nā mea ʻole, me nā plastics, nā wai, a me nā pauka. Hana lākou ma ke ana ʻana i nā loli i ka capacitance ke hoʻokokoke kahi mea i ka ʻili ʻike. He kūpono kēia mau mea ʻike no nā noi e koi ana i ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i nā mea hana ʻole, e like me ka ʻike ʻana i ka pae i loko o nā pahu kemika a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana i ka hele ʻana o nā ʻāpana plastic i nā mīkini paʻi. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o nā sensor capacitive e hāʻule ma waena o $ 15 a me $ 50.

3. ʻO ka mea kani kani kani kanis: Ke hoʻohana nei i nā hawewe kani e ʻike i nā mea, hiki i nā mea kani ultrasonic ke ana i nā mamao me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻopuka lākou i nā hawewe kani ultrasonic a helu i ka mamao e pili ana i ka manawa o ka nalu e hoʻihoʻi i hope ma hope o ka paʻi ʻana i kahi mea. Hoʻohana pono kēia mau mea ʻike i nā noi kahi e pono ai nā ana mamao pololei, e like me ka hoʻonohonoho lima robotic, nā ʻōnaehana kōkua kaʻa, a me ka pale ʻana i nā mea i nā kaʻa autonomous. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o nā mea kani kani ultrasonic hiki ke loaʻa mai $30 a i $200, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻike a me ka hoʻonā.

4. Nā Nani Hoʻokiʻekiʻe Optical: Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻike kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi a me nā ʻenehana laser. Hoʻohana nā mea ʻike kiʻi kiʻi i nā kukui kukui e ʻike i nā mea, ʻoiai nā mea ʻike laser e hoʻohana i nā kukuna laser no nā ana mamao pololei. Hāʻawi kēia mau mea ʻike i ka pololei kiʻekiʻe a kūpono i nā noi e koi ana i ke kūlana kūpono a me ke ana ʻana, e like me nā mīkini CNC, nā ʻōnaehana alakaʻi robotic, a me nā lako scan 3D. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kumukūʻai o nā mea ʻike maka, e hoʻomaka ana mai $ 50 no nā kumu hoʻohālike a piʻi i $ 1,000 a ʻoi aku paha no nā mea ʻike laser kiʻekiʻe me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe a me nā mana lōʻihi.

Nā mea pili i nā kumukūʻai sensor kokoke

 

Nui nā kumu i ke kumu kūʻai like ʻole o nā mea ʻike kokoke. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea hiki ke kōkua i nā ʻoihana e hoʻoholo i ka wā e koho ai i ka sensor kūpono no kā lākou pono kikoʻī.

 

Laulā ʻIke

 

ʻO ka laulā ʻike o kahi mea ʻike kokoke e pili ana i ka mamao loa e hiki ai ke ʻike i kahi mea. Pono nā mea ʻike me nā pae lōʻihi i ka ʻenehana a me nā ʻāpana ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, e hopena i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kahi sensor inductive pōkole i kūpono no ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻāpana metala liʻiliʻi ma ke kāʻei conveyor ma kahi o $15, aʻo ka mea kani kani ultrasonic lōʻihi hiki ke ana i nā mamao a hiki i kekahi mau mika no nā kumu kūʻai hale kūʻai hiki ke kūʻai i luna o $150.

 

Ka pololei a me ka pololei

 

ʻO ka pololei a me ka pololei o kahi sensor kokoke he mau palena koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā noi e koi ana i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hilinaʻi a me nā ana pololei. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā sensor me ka pololei a me ka pololei i nā ʻenehana holomua a me nā kaʻina hana, hiki ke hoʻonui i ko lākou kumukūʻai. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kahi sensor photoelectric maʻamau me ka pololei haʻahaʻa ma $20, akā hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kahi sensor laser kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi ʻenekinia pololei.

 

ʻAno Hoʻopuka

 

Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano hoʻopuka like ʻole o nā mea ʻike pili, me ka analog, digital, a me nā mea hoʻololi. Hāʻawi nā mea ʻike analog i kahi hōʻailona hoʻopuka hoʻomau e like me ka mamao mai ka mea, e kūpono iā lākou no nā noi e koi ana i nā ana mamao pololei. Hāʻawi nā mea ʻike kikohoʻe i kahi huaʻōlelo binary, e hōʻike ana i ke alo a i ʻole ka ʻole o kahi mea, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā sensor analog. Hoʻololi i nā mea ʻike hoʻopuka, ka mea e hoʻomaka wale i kahi hōʻailona hoʻopuka ke ʻike ʻia kahi mea, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau ke kumu kūʻai no nā hana ʻike kumu.

 

Kū'ē Kūlohelohe

 

ʻO ka hiki o kahi sensor kokoke ke kū i nā kūlana kaiapuni koʻikoʻi, e like me ka wela wela, ka haʻahaʻa, a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā kemika, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kona kumukūʻai. Pono nā sensor i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaiapuni paʻakikī e koi i nā hiʻohiʻona pale a me nā mea hana, hiki ke hoʻonui i ko lākou kumukūʻai. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kahi sensor inductive maʻamau no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaiapuni ʻoihana hoʻomalu ʻia he $25, ʻoiai ʻo kahi ʻano ruggedized kūpono no nā noi waho me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka lepo a me ka wai hiki ke kūʻai i $50 a ʻoi aku paha.

 

Brand a me ka maikaʻi

 

ʻO ka hōʻailona a me ka maikaʻi o kahi sensor kokoke i kahi kuleana nui i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kona kumukūʻai. ʻO nā hōʻailona i hoʻokumu ʻia me kahi kaulana no ka hilinaʻi, ka hana, a me ka hana hou e uku pinepine i ka uku no kā lākou huahana. Eia naʻe, hiki i ka hoʻokomo kālā ʻana i kahi brand kaulana ke hāʻawi i nā pōmaikaʻi no ka wā lōʻihi, e like me ka emi ʻana o ka manawa hoʻomaha, nā kumukūʻai mālama haʻahaʻa, a me ke komo ʻana i ke kākoʻo ʻenehana piha. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke koho ʻana i kahi hōʻailona liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa hiki ke hopena i ka hana ʻino a me ka lōʻihi, e alakaʻi ana i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe ma ka holo lōʻihi.

 

Nā noi a me nā noʻonoʻo kumukūʻai

 

Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike kokoke i kahi ākea o nā noi, kēlā me kēia me kāna mau kumu kūʻai kūʻokoʻa. E ʻimi kākou i kekahi o kēia mau noi a pehea ke kumu o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea ʻike pili kokoke i kā lākou hoʻokō.

 

ʻOihana ʻOihana

 

I ka ʻenehana ʻoihana, pono nā mea ʻike pili no ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kaʻina hana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono, a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no nā hana e like me ka helu ʻana i nā mea ma nā kāʻei conveyor, ʻike i ke kūlana o nā lima robotic, a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hele ʻana o nā mea i nā laina hui. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kumukūʻai o nā sensor i kēia ʻāpana e ka paʻakikī o ka noi a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pololei e pono ai. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kahi sensor inductive maʻalahi no ka helu ʻana i nā ʻāpana metala, ʻoiai ʻo kahi sensor capacitive kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻike ʻana i ke kūlana o nā ʻāpana palupalu i ke kaʻina hana semiconductor hiki ke kūʻai ʻia he $75 a ʻoi aku paha.

 

ʻOihana Kaʻa

 

Ke hilinaʻi nui nei ka ʻoihana kaʻa i nā mea ʻike pili no nā noi like ʻole, me ke kaʻa